patricians- Upper-class citizens who belonged to the oldest and noblest Roman families
Republic- the system of city-state government in which decision-making power was shared between the Senate and assemblies of male citizens
plebeians- the Roman common people including workers, small farmers, and wealthy people who were not patricians
Senate- in ancient Rome, a government assembly appointed by the king, and under the Republic by the consuls; originally all members were patricians, but in time wealthy plebeians appointed as well
consuls- in the Roman Republic, two senators who led the government and military for one-year terms and appointed their own successors
dictator- in the Roman Republic, a single leader with full decision-making powers appointed for a maximum six-month term during times of emergency
tribunes- magistrates elected by the plebeians who eventually gained the power to initiate and veto laws
client- a person who provides person services in return for money and protection from a patron
patron- a wealthy person who supports others with money and protection in exchange for personal services
pontiff- in ancient Rome, one of Republic's leading priests
paterfamilias- the "family father" in ancient Rome, who had unlimited power over his household
matron-title of honor given to a married woman in ancient Rome
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